https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index ${session.getAttribute("locale")} 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50489 Wed 28 Feb 2024 15:28:31 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:53993 Wed 28 Feb 2024 15:26:38 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39525 Wed 27 Jul 2022 14:04:09 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24335 3 months (222 pain patients and 204 opioid substitution therapy (OST) patients). We employed item and scale psychometrics (exploratory factor analyses, confirmatory factor analyses and item-response theory statistics) to refine items to a brief scale. Results: Following removal of problematic items (poor retest-reliability or wording, semantic redundancy, differential item functioning, collinearity or rarity) iterative factor analytic procedures identified a 10-item unifactorial scale with good model fit in the total sample (N= 426; CFI = 0.981, TLI = 0.975, RMSEA = 0.057), and among pain (CFI = 0.969, TLI = 0.960, RMSEA = 0.062) and OST subgroups (CFI = 0.989, TFI = 0.986, RMSEA = 0.051). The 10 items provided good discrimination between groups, demonstrated acceptable test-retest reliability (ICC 0.80, 95% CI 0.60-0.89; Cronbach's alpha = 0.89), were moderately correlated with related constructs, including opioid dependence (SDS), depression and stress (DASS subscales) and Social Relationships and Environment domains of the WHO-QoL, and had strong face validity among advising clinicians. Conclusions: The Opioid-Related Behaviours In Treatment (ORBIT) scale is brief, reliable and validated for use in diverse patient groups receiving opioids. The ORBIT has potential applications as a checklist to prompt clinical discussions and as a tool to quantify aberrant behaviour and assess change over time.]]> Wed 24 Nov 2021 15:52:02 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42037 Wed 17 Aug 2022 12:13:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47131 Wed 14 Dec 2022 15:13:34 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38380 Wed 12 Jan 2022 15:50:29 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33799 Wed 09 Feb 2022 15:53:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32909 Wed 09 Feb 2022 15:52:55 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17216 Tue 31 Jul 2018 15:53:15 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49530 Tue 23 May 2023 12:12:21 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38188 Tue 10 Aug 2021 15:11:51 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46524 Tue 05 Sep 2023 14:38:18 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43039 4 standard drinks on a single occasion), and (ii) the total number of alcoholic drinks consumed in the past year, adjusted for a range of potential child, parent, family, and peer covariates. Results: Fifty percent of adolescents reported alcohol use and 36% reported bingeing at wave 5 (mean age 16.9 years), and the mean age of initiation to alcohol use for drinkers was 15.1 years. Age of initiation was significantly associated with binge drinking and total quantity of alcohol consumed in unadjusted and adjusted models. Age of first drunkenness was associated with total quantity of alcohol consumed in unadjusted models but not adjusted models and was not associated with subsequent bingeing. Conclusions: Initiating alcohol use earlier in adolescence is associated with an increased risk of binge drinking and higher quantity of consumption in late secondary school, supporting an argument for delaying alcohol initiation for as long as possible to reduce the risk for problematic use in later adolescence and the alcohol-related harms that may accompany this use.]]> Thu 24 Aug 2023 09:26:02 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49317 Thu 11 May 2023 14:53:09 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47934 Thu 09 Feb 2023 15:43:56 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35002 Thu 04 Nov 2021 10:40:01 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47847 Thu 02 Feb 2023 16:26:00 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49210 Sun 07 May 2023 09:29:54 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:18204 Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:04:43 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:17227 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:59:16 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:20868 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:57:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21104 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:53:57 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21330 n = 244 women) ages 18–35 who had consumed alcohol mixed simultaneously with energy drinks (ED) in the preceding 6 months completed an online survey regarding use of EDs, alcohol, and AmED. Although AmED sessions occurred relatively infrequently compared to alcohol sessions, the alcohol and ED quantity consumed in AmED sessions was significantly greater than recommended intake. Reports of AmED use context indicated that participants typically consumed AmED while engaging in heavy drinking in public venues. However, the primary motives for AmED use related to the situational context of use, functional and hedonistic outcomes, as well as the pleasurable taste; few participants reported using AmED to increase alcohol intake, to mask intoxication, to hide alcohol's flavor, or to simulate an illicit drug “high.” AmED users may be coingesting in a context and at a quantity that enhances the possibility of risky alcohol outcomes, despite predominantly consuming AmED for the taste and the functional and hedonistic outcomes. Strong endorsement of motives relating to ease of access and low cost price suggests that alcohol policy reform in relation to licensing restrictions may be necessary to minimize the risk of harm.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:52:48 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:21006 N = 1,823) were recruited in 3 states from Australian grade 7 classes. Multinomial logistic analyses compared adolescents who had only had a sip/taste of alcohol (sippers) with adolescents who had consumed at least a whole drink (drinkers) in the past 6 months. The multivariate model assessed a broad range of demographics, parenting practices, peer influences, and adolescent externalizing and internalizing behaviors, and controlled for school clustering. Results: Compared to drinkers, sippers were less likely to come from 1-parent households (odds ratio [OR] = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.35 to 0.98); less likely to come from low-socioeconomic status (SES) households (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.31 to 0.94); more likely to come from families where parents provide stricter alcohol-specific rules (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.32), stricter monitoring of the child's activities (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.16), more consistent parenting practices (OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.23), and more positive family relationships (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.02 to 2.43); and report having fewer substance-using peers (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70 to 0.91) and greater peer disapproval of any substance use (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.19 to 1.42). After adjustment for confounders, the associations with household composition and SES were no longer significant, but the familial and peer associations remained significant in the multivariate analysis, X²(40) = 1,493.06, p < 0.001. Conclusions: Sipping alcohol has different associations with known predictors of adolescent alcohol use than drinking whole beverages, and sipping may be a distinct or separable behavior. Future research should better define quantities of early consumption and assess the relationship between early sipping and drinking on long-term outcomes separately.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:50:38 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26237 sipping only, and drinking only. Results: Combining sipping and drinking into a single category, lifetime consumption was reported by 67.3% of the present sample. Distinguishing lifetime consumption by sipping and drinking: only 7.8% of adolescents had consumed a whole beverage; the remaining 59.6% had only sipped. Consumption of whole beverages was mostly limited to 1 to 2 drinks (84.2% of drinkers). Sipping and drinking were also infrequent: 78.2% of sipping and 60.4% of drinking, occurred less than monthly. Heavy episodic consumption was uncommon (1.2% of the sample). When other population studies were inspected, a clear trend for higher drinking rates were found in those studies where sipping was counted as drinking and vice versa. Conclusions: Consumption of whole beverages appears infrequent in early adolescence, as sipping, but not drinking, was common in our sample. Comparing the present data with international population consumption measures highlights the need to more precisely measure and report adolescent consumption, particularly in relation to sipping.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:24:04 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24608 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:11:55 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44139 r = 0.40–0.52) and ATOP Physical Health with SF-36 Physical Components and SF-36 General Health scores (r = 0.36–0.67). The ATOP Quality of Life scale showed moderate agreement with the SDS and six-dimensional health state short form scales (r = 0.38–0.40). ATOP substance use, employment, education and child care items showed good to excellent interrater reliability (Krippendorff's α = 0.62–0.81), and tobacco use, Psychological Health, Physical Health and Quality of Life showed fair to moderate interrater reliability (Krippendorff's α Sat 08 Oct 2022 12:43:40 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44760 Mon 24 Oct 2022 08:49:31 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26832  90% retention, and a 3-year follow-up is under way. The data collected include child, familial, parental and peer factors addressing demographics, alcohol use and supply, parenting practices, other substance use, adolescent behaviours and peer influences. The cohort is ideal for prospectively examining predictors of initiation and progression of alcohol use, which increases markedly through adolescence.]]> Mon 23 Sep 2019 13:37:27 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51177  0.05). Average heavy consumption definitions of tolerance were most strongly associated with persistent AUD (OR = 6.66, P = 0.001; OR = 4.65, P = 0.004) but not associated with new-onset AUD (Ps > 0.05). Conclusions: Initial drink and percentage change thresholds appear to improve the efficacy of change-based tolerance as an indicator for new-onset alcohol use disorder diagnosis in self-report surveys of young adults. When predicting persistent alcohol use disorder, average heavy consumption-based indicators appear to be a better way to measure tolerance than self-reported change-based definitions.]]> Mon 22 Apr 2024 12:31:43 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46245 Mon 14 Nov 2022 13:21:59 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50976 Mon 14 Aug 2023 15:25:30 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:51584 Mon 11 Sep 2023 14:36:30 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52301 Mon 09 Oct 2023 10:16:59 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39579 Mon 08 Aug 2022 11:35:05 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:49927 Mon 06 May 2024 15:16:01 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46876 International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision) and were seeking treatment, were nonresponsive to prior treatment attempts, were 18 to 64 years of age, had no other substance use disorder, had no severe medical or psychiatric conditions, were not pregnant, were not mandated by a court to undergo treatment, and provided informed consent. Results for primary efficacy measures and all secondary outcomes were obtained using a modified intention-to-treat data set. Interventions: Participants received 12-week treatment involving weekly clinical reviews, structured counseling, and flexible medication doses - up to 32 sprays daily (tetrahydrocannabinol, 86.4 mg, and cannabidiol, 80 mg), dispensed weekly. Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcome was self-reported number of days using illicit cannabis during the 12-week period. Other outcomes included alternate cannabis use parameters (periods of abstinence, withdrawal, cravings, and problems), safety parameters (adverse events and aberrant medication use), health status, other substance use, and treatment retention. Results: A total of 128 participants (30 women and 98 men; mean [SD] age, 35.0 [10.9] years) were randomized and received at least 1 dose of study medication. Participants had used a mean (SD) of 2.3 (2.1) g of cannabis on a mean (SD) of 25.7 (4.5) days in the past 28 days. Treatment retention was comparable for the 2 groups (placebo, 30 of 67 participants [44.8%]; nabiximols, 30 of 61 participants [49.2%]), and both groups used similar mean (SD) doses (placebo, 18.5 [9.5] sprays daily; nabiximols, 17.6 [9.5] sprays daily, equivalent to a mean [SD] of 47.5 [25.7] mg of tetrahydrocannabinol and 44.0 [23.8] mg of cannabidiol). For the primary end point, the placebo group reported significantly more days using cannabis during the 12 weeks (mean [SD], 53.1 [33.0] days) than the nabiximols group (mean [SD], 35.0 [32.4] days; estimated difference, 18.6 days; 95% CI, 3.5-33.7 days; P =.02). Both groups showed comparable improvements in health status, with no substantial changes in other substance use. Medication was well tolerated with few adverse events. Conclusions and Relevance: This study demonstrates that cannabinoid agonist treatment, in this case using nabiximols, in combination with psychosocial interventions is a safe approach for reducing cannabis use among individuals with cannabis dependence who are seeking treatment. Trial Registration: anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12616000103460.]]> Mon 05 Dec 2022 09:33:25 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:50072 Fri 30 Jun 2023 11:20:33 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48638 4 standard drinks), and alcohol-related harms. Results: At mean age of 12.9 years about one in ten children report parental supply of alcohol which increases to about four in ten children by 17.8 years. Mothers consistently more often supply their daughters with alcohol than their sons, [Wave 5 OR 1.77 (1.53,2.05)], while mothers less often supply sons than their daughters, [Wave 5 OR 0.82 (0.71,0.95)]. Mothers’ supply of alcohol to daughters predicts substantially increased odds of daughters binge drinking, [OR 1.67 (1.10,2.53)] and experiencing alcohol related harms, [OR 1.65 (1.10,2.48)]. Conclusion: There is a need to involve both mothers and fathers and to equally target female and male children in programs to reduce the harmful consequences of parental supply of alcohol to their children.]]> Fri 24 Mar 2023 13:23:51 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47241 Fri 16 Dec 2022 12:15:44 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38575 n = 1813) were used to model latent class alcohol use trajectories over 5 annual follow-ups (mean age = 13.9 until 17.8 years). Regression models were used to determine whether child, parent, and peer factors at baseline (mean age = 12.9 years) predicted trajectory membership and whether trajectories predicted self-reported symptoms of AUD at the final follow-up (mean age = 18.8 years). RESULTS: We identified 4 classes: abstaining (n = 352); late-onset moderate drinking (n = 503); early-onset moderate drinking (n = 663); and early-onset heavy drinking (n = 295). Having more alcohol-specific household rules reduced risk of early-onset heavy drinking compared with late-onset moderate drinking (relative risk ratio: 0.31; 99.5% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11-0.83), whereas having more substance-using peers increased this risk (relative risk ratio: 3.43; 99.5% CI: 2.10-5.62). Early-onset heavy drinking increased odds of meeting criteria for AUD in early adulthood (odds ratio: 7.68; 99.5% CI: 2.41-24.47). CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides evidence that parenting factors and peer influences in early adolescence should be considered to reduce risk of later alcohol-related harm. Early initiation and heavy alcohol use throughout adolescence are associated with increased risk of alcohol-related harm compared with recommended maximum levels of consumption (late-onset, moderate drinking).]]> Fri 05 Nov 2021 16:20:07 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30953 Fri 03 Dec 2021 10:35:52 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:23970 -1 (mean: 564 mg; 95% confidence interval 431-696 mg). Median buprenorphine dose was 12.0 mg (interquartile range 9.5 mg, range 4-32 mg) at day 7 and 16.0 mg (interquartile range 13.5 mg, range 4-32 mg) at day 28. Buprenorphine doses received were markedly higher than estimated codeine doses based on standard dose conversion tables.Discussion and Conclusions: With increasing presentations relating to codeine dependence, these findings provide important guidance to clinicians. Buprenorphine doses were consistently higher than doses estimated based on the dose of codeine consumed, and were comparable with doses used in the treatment of dependence with heroin and more potent prescription opioids.]]> Fri 01 Apr 2022 09:28:10 AEDT ]]>